Lofalitsidwa: Januwale 25, 2026
Ma aluminiyamu opangidwa ndi aluminiyamu akupitilizabe kulamulira nkhani zopepuka mu 2026, ndipo kufunika kwapadziko lonse lapansi kukupitirira matani 75 miliyoni pachaka—kuyendetsedwa ndi magalimoto amagetsi, kubwezeretsa ndege, mphamvu zongowonjezwdwanso, ndi ma phukusi okhazikika. Mitengo ya aluminiyamu yoyamba yakhazikika pafupifupi $2,600–$2,900 pa tani imodzi pa LME, koma mitengo ya alloy ikupitirirabe pamene maunyolo ogulitsa akupereka zinthu zofunika kwambiri. Aluminiyamu yobwezeretsedwanso tsopano ili ndi pafupifupi 40% ya zinthu zomwe zimaperekedwa ku North America ndi Europe, zomwe zimathandiza opanga kukwaniritsa zolinga zolimba za decarbonization.
Ngakhale aluminiyamu yeniyeni ili ndi malo ake, zitsulo zomangira mu mndandanda wa 1xxx mpaka 7xxx zimapereka zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe mainjiniya amafunikira. Mndandanda uliwonse uli ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomangira, mankhwala otentha, ndi mawonekedwe—pepala/mbale, zotulutsira, zojambulazo, bala, chubu—zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ntchito zinazake. Pansipa, ndikufotokozera mndandanda uliwonse waukulu, kuwonetsa magiredi ofunikira, mitundu yazinthu wamba, ntchito zenizeni, mphamvu, zofooka, ndi momwe magiredi mkati mwa mndandanda womwewo amagwirizanirana. Ngati mukufotokoza zinthu za polojekiti yatsopano, izi ziyenera kukupatsani poyambira kolimba.
Mndandanda wa 1xxx: Aluminiyamu Yoyera Pamalonda (99.0% + Al)
Izi kwenikweni ndi aluminiyamu yeniyeni yokhala ndi aloyi yochepa—yabwino kwambiri pomwe kukana dzimbiri ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa mphamvu.
Magiredi Ofanana: 1050, 1060, 1070, 1100, 1200
Mafomu Achizolowezi: Chipepala/mbale, chozungulira, foyilo (mpaka 0.006 mm), mzere, busbar, waya
Mapulogalamu:
- Zojambulazo: Ma phukusi a chakudya, mapaketi a ma blister a mankhwala, zojambulazo zapakhomo
- Mapepala/koyilo: Mapanelo owunikira, matanki osungira mankhwala, zowunikira zowunikira
- Busbar/bar yotulutsidwa: Ma conductor amagetsi, ma transmission amagetsi
- Mbale: Zophikira, mapepala otchulira dzina, zosinthira kutentha
Ubwino: Kukana dzimbiri bwino kwambiri, kutentha/magetsi abwino kwambiri (mpaka 62% IACS), kupangika bwino kwambiri komanso kusinthasintha, kuwunikira kwambiri, kubwezeretsanso kwathunthu
ZoyipaMphamvu yochepa ya makina (nthawi zambiri imapanga 30–100 MPa), makina ake sagwira ntchito bwino akamafewa kwambiri, amakanda mosavuta kapena kupindika.
Kuyerekeza kwa Pakati pa Mndandanda: 1060 ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yogwirira ntchito—imalinganiza mtengo ndi kuyera bwino kuposa 1050 (kutsika pang'ono kwa conductivity) kapena premium 1070/1200 (kuyera kwambiri koma yokwera mtengo kwambiri). 1100 imapereka mphamvu pang'ono ndipo imakondedwa ndi zinthu zokokedwa mozama kuposa 1050 yofewa.
Mndandanda wa 2xxx: Aluminiyamu ndi Mkuwa (Zotha kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha, Zamphamvu kwambiri)
Mkuwa ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo, chomwe chimapereka mphamvu yofanana ndi ya ndege koma sichimalimbana ndi dzimbiri.
Magiredi Ofanana: 2014, 2024, 2124, 2219, 2618
Mafomu Achizolowezi: Mbale, pepala, bala, zomangira, zotulutsira
Mapulogalamu: Zigawo za kapangidwe ka ndege (zikopa za fuselage, mapiko a mapiko), magalimoto ogwira ntchito bwino (ma pistoni, mawilo), zida zankhondo
Ubwino: Mphamvu yolimba kwambiri (mpaka 570 MPa mu T6), kukana kutopa kwambiri, makina abwino, imasunga mphamvu kutentha kwambiri (2219 ya matanki a cryogenic)
Zoyipa: Kukana dzimbiri kosakwanira popanda kuvala kapena kuphimba, kusokonezeka kwa dzimbiri chifukwa cha kupsinjika, kusagwirizana ndi kupotoka (nthawi zambiri kumakhala kolimba)
Kuyerekeza kwa Pakati pa Mndandanda: 2024-T3/T4 ndiye muyezo wa ndege—chiŵerengero chabwino kwambiri cha mphamvu ndi kulemera. 2014 imapereka makina abwino kwambiri ndipo ndi yofala m'ma forging olemera. 2219 imachita bwino kwambiri pakuwotcherera ndi magwiridwe antchito a cryogenic (matanki a SpaceX). 2618 ndi yabwino kwambiri pazida za injini zotentha kwambiri.
Mndandanda wa 3xxx: Aluminiyamu-Manganese Alloys (Osachiritsidwa ndi Kutentha)
Manganese imapereka mphamvu pang'ono komanso kulimbitsa bwino ntchito.
Magiredi Ofanana: 3003, 3004, 3105, 3005
Mafomu Achizolowezi: Mapepala, koyilo, chitini, denga, chubu
Mapulogalamu: Zitini za zakumwa, ziwiya zophikira, denga/mbali, zosinthira kutentha, kupanga zinthu zambiri
Ubwino: Kukana dzimbiri bwino, kupangika bwino komanso kusinthasintha, mphamvu yapakati (mpaka 200 MPa ikagwiritsidwa ntchito molimbika), yotsika mtengo
Zoyipa: Sizingatheke kutenthedwa chifukwa cha mphamvu zambiri, mphamvu zochepa kuposa mndandanda woti uchiritsidwe ndi kutentha
Kuyerekeza kwa Pakati pa Mndandanda: 3003 ndi yogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri—yabwino kwambiri pojambula mozama. 3004 ili ndi mphamvu zambiri (manganese wochuluka + magnesium) ndipo imalamulira zinthu zosungiramo zakumwa. 3105 ndi yotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha utoto wake womata bwino.
Mndandanda wa 4xxx: Aluminiyamu-Silicon Alloys (Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chodzaza kapena choponyera)
Silikoni imachepetsa kusungunuka kwa zinthu ndipo imapangitsa kuti zinthu ziziyenda bwino—makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito ma alloys, koma ena amagwiritsa ntchito ma grade opangidwa bwino.
Magiredi Ofanana (Opangidwa): 4032, 4043 (makamaka waya wodzaza), 4047
Mafomu Achizolowezi: Mapepala, zolumikizira, waya/ndodo yowotcherera
Mapulogalamu: Chodzaza chowedetsera (4043), ma pistoni, chophimba cha zomangamanga (4047)
Ubwino: Kutentha kochepa, kukana kuvala bwino, kusinthasintha/kutuluka bwino kwambiri
ZoyipaMphamvu yotsika kuposa mndandanda wina, mawonekedwe ochepa opangidwa
Kuyerekeza kwa Pakati pa Mndandanda: 4043 ndi chodzaza cha MIG/TIG chogwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi; 4047 imapereka kusinthasintha kwabwino komanso kukana ming'alu pa cladding.
Mndandanda wa 5xxx: Aluminiyamu-Magnesium Alloys (Yosachiritsika ndi Kutentha, Gulu la Madzi)
Magnesium imapereka mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri, makamaka m'madzi a m'nyanja.
Magiredi Ofanana: 5052, 5083, 5086, 5454, 5754
Mafomu Achizolowezi: Mbale, pepala, zowonjezera, chubu
Mapulogalamu: Mabowo/nyumba za m'madzi, mapanelo a thupi la galimoto, zotengera zopanikizika, matanki a cryogenic
Ubwino: Kukana dzimbiri bwino (makamaka madzi amchere), kutopa kwambiri, kusinthasintha bwino, mphamvu yapakati mpaka yapamwamba (mpaka 350 MPa)
Zoyipa: Sichingathe kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha, chimagwira ntchito mwachangu (chimatha kufooka ngati chikugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso), chimatha kupirira kutentha kopitirira 150°C
Kuyerekeza kwa Pakati pa Mndandanda: 5052-H32 ndiye yomwe imakonda kwambiri—kupangika bwino kwambiri. 5083-H116/H321 imayang'anira kwambiri kupanga zombo chifukwa cha mphamvu zambiri komanso kuthekera kowongoleredwa. 5754 ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magalimoto kuti ipange bwino pamwamba.
Mndandanda wa 6xxx: Aluminiyamu-Magnesium-Silicon Alloys (Yotha Kuchiritsidwa ndi Kutentha, Mafumu Otulutsa)
Mndandanda wosinthasintha kwambiri—wotha kutulutsa bwino kwambiri komanso wamphamvu wapakati.
Magiredi Ofanana: 6061, 6063, 6082, 6005, 6060, 6101
Mafomu Achizolowezi: Zowonjezera, chubu, bala, pepala, mbale
Mapulogalamu: Mafelemu omanga, nyumba zamagalimoto, makwerero, masinki otenthetsera, mafelemu a njinga
Kufotokozera kwa Mikhalidwe Yothandizira Kutentha:
- T4: Yankho lokonzedwa ndi kutentha komanso lokalamba mwachilengedwe—limagwira bwino ntchito, lili ndi mphamvu zochepa
- T5: Yoziziritsidwa ndi kutentha kwa extrusion ndipo imakalamba mwadala—yopangidwa mofulumira, mphamvu yotsika pang'ono kuposa T6
- T6: Yankho lokonzedwa ndi kutentha komanso losasinthika—mphamvu ndi kuuma kwake, komwe kumapezeka kwambiri m'zigawo za kapangidwe kake
Ubwino: Kutha kutulutsa bwino kwambiri (makamaka 6063), kukana dzimbiri bwino, kusunthika, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makina kudzera mu chithandizo cha kutentha
ZoyipaMphamvu yotsika kuposa 2xxx/7xxx, khalidwe la anodizing limasiyana malinga ndi kalasi
Kuyerekeza kwa Pakati pa Mndandanda: 6061-T6 ndiye mphamvu yomanga nyumba (yokhala ndi magnesium/silicon yambiri). 6063-T5/T6 imayang'anira zotulutsira zomangamanga kuti zikhale zosalala komanso zosavuta kupanga. 6082 (yokondedwa ku Europe) imapereka mphamvu zambiri kuposa 6061. 6060 ndi yofewa, yoyenera mawonekedwe ovuta.
Mndandanda wa 7xxx: Aluminium-Zinc-Magnesium Alloys (Yotha kuchiritsidwa ndi kutentha, Mphamvu Yokwera Kwambiri)
Zinc imapereka mphamvu zambiri zomwe zimapezeka mu aluminiyamu.
Magiredi Ofanana: 7075, 7050, 7010, 7475, 7068
Mafomu Achizolowezi: Mbale, bala, zomangira, zotulutsira
Mapulogalamu: Mafelemu/mapiko a ndege, zinthu zamasewera zogwira ntchito bwino, zida zankhondo, mbale yoikira zida
Ubwino: Chiŵerengero champhamvu kwambiri pa kulemera (mpaka 600 MPa), kukana kutopa bwino, komanso makina abwino kwambiri pa kutentha kwa T6/T7
Zoyipa: Kukana dzimbiri kofooka popanda chitetezo, chiopsezo chachikulu cha dzimbiri chifukwa cha kupsinjika maganizo, zovuta kulumikiza, zodula
Kuyerekeza kwa Pakati pa Mndandanda: 7075-T6/T651 ndi mtundu wakale wa mphamvu zapamwamba. 7050/7010 imapereka kukana kwabwino kwa kupsinjika ndi dzimbiri m'zigawo zokhuthala. 7475 imapereka kulimba kwabwino kwa kusweka. 7068 ndi yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe imapezeka pamsika.
Kuyang'ana Patsogolo pa Ma Aluminiyamu Opangidwa ndi Aluminiyamu mu 2026
Popeza ma EV platforms amafuna nyumba zopepuka komanso ndege zomwe zimalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mafuta, kuyembekezera kukula kosalekeza kwa ma grade 5xxx, 6xxx, ndi 7xxx apamwamba. Kupititsa patsogolo kubwezeretsanso zinthu ndi njira zatsopano zoyeretsera kutentha zikutseka kusiyana pakati pa mphamvu ndi kusinthasintha kwa zinthu zokhazikika.
Kuti mupite pansi mozama, pitaniBuku Loyerekeza la 6061 vs 7075 or 5083 Kugwiritsa Ntchito Aluminiyamu Yam'madzi.
Ngati mukufuna ntchito inayake, onani nkhani yathu yonseKabukhu ka zinthu zotayidwakapenatiuzeni mzere– tili ndi katundu m'njira zonsezi ndipo tingathandizenso ndi misonkho.
(Zidziwitso zochokera ku miyezo yamakampani, mapepala aukadaulo, ndi malipoti amsika. Nthawi zonse tsimikizirani ndi ogulitsa kuti mudziwe zofunikira za polojekiti.)
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-25-2026